The first successful breeding of Sandhill Cranes in Worcester County was documented in Hardwick this summer. Family group seen here on 27 June shows colts at about 6-7 weeks of age.

Throughout June and most of July, each colt was "supervised" by one of the parent birds and kept apart from its sibling, probably a parental strategy to reduce aggression between the two young birds, which can be intense in some cases. Photo 18 July.

On August 10 all four birds flew several hundred yards together, moving from a favored uphill foraging spot to the location where they usually started their afternoon downhill walk to a large grass expanse at the edge of a beaver pond marsh. Before the colts could fly well, the family spent the night at the pond edge, mostly hidden in the marsh vegetation.

The Sandhill Crane family established a daily routine of walking and foraging as a group through three adjacent Hardwick properties. This photo 4 July. All crane photos by Alan Rawle.

As the colts matured the family foursome comingled more frequently. On a hot 28 July the parent birds stood sentry as the young birds bathed in a shallow farm pond.

During August all cranes seemed to spend more time exercising their wings. Photo 20 August.

Female Wood Duck with one of her ducklings in Rutland 25 June. Photo by Doug Wipf.

A Downy Woodpecker fledgling and male parent were observed by Anne Greene in Rutland.

By August 1st Eastern Bluebirds in Hardwick were raising their second brood. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Two fledgling Gray Catbirds use a convenient perch while waiting to be fed by their parents on July 4 in Hardwick.

This juvenile Song Sparrow found on September 4th represented a second brood, a common event in this species. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Ted Purcell monitored the successful nesting of a pair of American Kestrels in Rutland. These juveniles were present on July 29.

A pair of Turkey Vultures in Hardwick chose an abandoned treehouse on a quiet property abutting forest land as a nesting site. The fledglings remained out of sight for many weeks, but started venturing out to the balcony to wait for their feedings around the end of July. On 7 August this chick was still covered in fluffy down feathers.

By August 13 both young vultures were beginning to grow black feathers on their wings. All vulture photos by Alan Rawle.

At the end of August the juveniles were venturing away from the treehouse and spending time exploring on the ground, retreating when disturbed by heading to a tree near the treehouse and climbing the trunk and low branches. Photo 27 August.

Eastern Kingbird fledgling on July 4. Photo by Alan Rawle.

A Downy Woodpecker fledgling photographed as it begs for food (which arrived soon after this photo by Anne Greene was taken).

Birds that frequent backyard feeders often bring their offspring to the feeder area to be fed. Doug Wipf spotted this Rose-breasted Grosbeak feeding a juvenile male on July 14.

A male White-breasted Nuthatch found a stable feeding platform for feeding one of his fledglings. Photo by Anne Greene.

Mallard hen in flight. Mallards are abundant in central Massachusetts, in both high-water and low-water years. Photo by Alan Rawle, Hardwick.

Song Sparrows thrive in wet areas, as long as they manage to situate their nests far enough above the high water line. Nests are placed on the ground or in shrubs as high up as 15 feet. Photo by Alan Rawle, Hardwick, 20 June.

Water was present in places where it's dry or slightly damp most years. Sections of rails like this one at Moore State Park in mid-July were inundated. Photo by Bill Platenik.

A great year for ducks! Many Wood Duck pairs raised two broods. Doug Wipf found this hen with ducklings in Rutland on 8 July.

Juvenile Hooded Mergansers in Rutland 25 June. Photo by Doug Wipf.

A successful Song Sparrow nesting was confirmed in Hardwick on 26 June when a begging fledgling (left) was seen being fed by one of its parents right). Photo by Alan Rawle. This species generally raises 2-3 broods per season in our region.

Given the conditions, frogs weren't hard to find during summer 2021. But Bill Platenik of Brimfield was astonished to find this Green Frog in a drainage area in his Brimfield yard, about 1/8 mile from any wild wet areas.

Wetlands-lovers Common Yellowthroats had plenty of habitat to choose from this season. Photo by Doug Wipf, 21 July.

Majestic Interrupted Fern (Claytosmunda claytoniana), the only species in this genus, was photographed in June by Doug Wipf.

Wild Columbine (Aquilegia canadensis). Some Native American tribes used various parts of this plant in herbal remedies for certain ailments, and Native American men also rubbed crushed seeds on their hands as a love charm. Photo by Doug Wipf.

Sensitive Fern (Onoclea sensibilis), so named by early American settlers due to its sensitivity to frost. Photo by Doug Wipf.

One species of moth that flies early in the season is Crocus Geometer (Xanthotype sospeta). Photo by Alan Rawle.

Brown rot fungus on dead wood with New York Fern (Parathelypteris noveboracensis). This fern often forms spreading colonies. Photo by Doug Wipf.

Round-leaved Pyrola or American Wintergreen ( Pyrola americana) blooming in Petersham on 27 June. The heat and humidity of the season spurred plant growth in general.

On 9 June Pam Moen found this Painted Turtle laying eggs in her yard in the Templeton area. Myriad factors determine egg survival and hatching time.

Painted Turtle basking in Hardwick on 20 June. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Great Blue Herons and wetlands go hand-in-hand. This season's conditions replenished shallow ponds and reservoirs brought low by the droughts in 2016, 2018, and 2020. Photo by Doug Wipf, Rutland, 25 June.

A female Blackburnian Warbler eyes the photographer, Alan Rawle, on 2 June.

Some Painted Turtle eggs will hatch in the fall, others in spring. This hatchling was one of two found in Hardwick on 8 May.

This hatchling--same as above-- was found wandering on a driveway close to its "home pond" and was carried to a spot close to the pond. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Great Crested Flycatcher in Rutland on 25 June. Photo by Doug Wipf.

Red-spotted Admiral, Red-spotted Purple form (Limenitis arthemis) found by Ted Purcell in August.

Hummingbird clearwing moths (Hemaris thysbe) collect nectar from a wide variety of flowers using a long proboscis while hovering above the bloom. They show a preference for pink and purple flowers. Several including this one were in Hardwick in July.

White-lined Sphinx Moth (Hyles lineata) in Ashburnham 15 August.

Calico Pennant (Celithemis elisa) in Petersham 27 June. Although odonate numbers in general seemed to be down this summer, certain local populations, like this species on the east shore of Quabbin Reservoir, appeared to be robust.

Cass Meadow Conservation Area in Athol hosted numerous pollinators like this Brown-winged Striped-Sweat Bee (Agapostemon splendens) in vast fields of Joe-Pye-Weed, but butterflies and odonates were scarce in early August. Photo by Alan Rawle on 7 August.

Common Green Darner (Anax junius) by Ted Purcell, 5 July. As this web-page is being published, large swarms of this species are migrating south after spending the summer here.

Yellow-legged Meadowhawk (Sympetrum vicinumin) Hardwick on 1 August.

A male Northern Walkingstick (Diapheromera femorata) was found by Doug Wipf on 15 August in Rutland.

Monarch butterflies appeared to be having a good year. Sightings of caterpillars and adults throughout August were frequent. Photo by Doug Wipf.

This Bobcat visited Doug Wipf's Rutland yard on 27 June.

American Coppers (Lycaena phlaeas) and other insects, including a scarab beetle, in Sterling, 5 July. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Bill Platenik's Brimfield trail cam video captured this daytime image of a Bobcat on 4 July.

Common water strider (Aquarius sp.) is an early-emerging insect. This individual was in Hardwick 6 April. Photo by Alan Rawle.

By the end of April Red-bellied Woodpeckers were selecting nesting cavities. Doug Wipf found this bright male in Rutland on 27 April.

One of our earliest ephemeral spring wildflowers, Spring Beauty (Claytonia virginica) blooms briefly at Mt. Wachusett in Princeton. Elaiosomes, fleshy structures attached to the seeds, are present and allow for ant dispersal. Photos showing color variations are by Doug Wipf.

Black squirrel with Red-winged Blackbirds 21 April in Hardwick. Eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) is one of the two most likely squirrel species (the other is Fox Squirrel) in which this melanistic sub-group occurs. Black morphs are the result of an abnormal pigment gene.

A Baltimore Oriole was at Rutland's Prison Camp area on 7 May 2020, probably having arrived very recently. Photo by Doug Wipf.

The first half of May brought migrant warblers to central Massachusetts. Northern Parula (Parula americana) like the male above usually continues to move northward to its breeding territory, while Blue-winged Warbler (Vermivora cyanoptera) remains as a fairly common breeding species here. Photos by Alan Rawle.

At the end of May Pearl Crescents (Phyciodes tharos) began emerging. Photo by Doug Wipf 27 May 2021.

On 7 May 2021 this Hardwick Canada Goose was tending the nest as it was very close to hatching time. Muddy Brook Wildlife Management Area. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Apple trees blooming in spring are small-bird magnets. Resident species like this Black-capped Chickadee, as well as warblers, vireos, and more feed on parts of the flowers and the insects that are drawn to them. Photo by Anne Greene in Rutland.

Ventral view of Hobomok Skipper at East Quabbin Land Trust's Deer Park Preserve in Hardwick 28 May 2021.

False Hellebore (Veratrum viride) is common and very obvious as its bright green leaves brighten up the dark wooded streamsides and swamp edges in May. A native plant which eventually produces dramatic flowers at the top of its long stem, it is extremely toxic and thus avoided by wildlife. Farmers are aware of it as a potential livestock threat.

Easily overlooked, Trailing Arbutus or Mayflower (Epigaea repens) was in bloom in late April.

The flight period for Hobomok Skippers begins in May. This lone butterfly was in Hardwick on 28 May 2021. Photo by Wendy Howes.

On 24 April Ted Purcell observed and photographed this Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis) in Rutland. This widespread sparrow is easy to miss because it can superficially resemble other small brown birds with streaked underparts. A helpful field mark is the bright yellow coloration in front of the eye.

Palm Warbler (Dendroica palmarum) began migrating through central Massachusetts early in April. This warbler continues onward and breeds in boreal bogs in the far north. Photo taken in Hardwick by Alan Rawle.

Bill Platenik captured a Great Blue Heron posing at a heronry in Warren on 21 April.

Eastern Bluebirds and others took advantage of thawed birdbaths. Hardwick, 18 April 2021

On 14 April this Common Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) was sluggish after being disturbed from under a pile of leaves in Hardwick since it had not yet had time to warm up.

A male Juvenal's Duskywing 7 May 20121 Rutland. One of our earliest-emerging butterflies, they overwinter as larvae. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) in Rutland 27 May 2021. Photo by Doug Wipf.

On 14 April Bill Platenik observed this close interaction between a Bald Eagle and an Osprey. Eagles will often chase Ospreys that have caught a fish, trying to get the Osprey, which has superior fishing skills, to drop its prey. It's unknown if this was the case on 24 April in Warren, when Bill got this shot.

Dutchman's Breeches (Dicentra cucullaria) is rare in our area but can be reliably seen at a Mt. Wachusett location. Doug Wipf sought out and photographed this stunning spring ephemeral in May.

A Great-horned Owl was found nesting in a former Great Blue Heron nest at High Ridge Wildlife Management Area in Westminster/Gardener. Jon Skinner took a photo of the two nestlings on 7 May 2021.

A male Northern Parula (Setophaga americana), passing through Rutland on his way south, shows off his important field marks for photographer Anne Greene.

Difficult to find keeping still enough for a photo is Ruby-crowned Kinglet (Regulus calendula), a species that migrates through central Massachusetts in early spring and late fall. The red "crown" feathers on the males are not always apparent. This 18 October bird shows a bit of red, which will become more vivid in the breeding season. Photo by Doug Wipf.

Palm Warblers ( Setophaga palmarum) like this one found on 8 October by Doug Wipf, breed primarily in boreal forests across Canada. The tropical-sounding name came about because a (wintering) specimen was found on a Caribbean island, and the species was thus associated with a place with plentiful palm trees.

Red-tailed Hawk in a red maple, early October. Note the dark patagial mark at the leading edge of the underwing, which starts near the back of the head and ends at the "wrist." This dark mark is a great ID help, since no other eastern North American hawk shows this mark. Photo by Ted Purcell.

Typically moving through our region in early November, Fox Sparrows (Passerella iliaca) are often found vigorously scratching in leaf litter on the ground, especially near dense vegetation or brush piles, in search of seeds and insects. Photographed on 8 November in Hardwick by Alan Rawle.

Nodding ladies'-tresses (Spiranthes cernua) is a fairly-common fall-blooming orchid found in woods or pond edges with acid soils. Photo by Anne Greene.

Swamp Sparrows ( Melospiza georgiana) disperse from their nesting locations in cattail marshes and wet, brushy areas as they prepare to head to the southern U.S. or parts of Mexico for the winter. On 9 October Ted Purcell photographed this individual in Rutland, not too far from where it likely spent the summer.

Red-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta canadensis). Photo by Alan Rawle.

This Common Redpoll, a lone female or immature individual, was found in Hardwick on 6 December. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Evening Grosbeak 2 November, Hardwick. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Pine Siskin, 17 October, Rutland. Photo by Doug Wipf.

A small, photogenic flock of Pine Grosbeaks feasted on crabapples at Mass Audubon's Wachusett Meadow Sanctuary in Princeton for several weeks and were admired by many. Doug Wipf photographed an adult male and one female or immature male on 20 November. Immature males usually are indistinguishable from females until their second year.

Immature Red Crossbill (Loxia curvirostra) in Hardwick, September. This species was moving into the area as early as August, seeking out the seeds of various coniferous cones. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Two female or immature Evening Grosbeaks (Coccothraustes vespertinus) 26 November in Hardwick. These and several others fed on staghorn sumac berries as well as sunflower seeds at the feeder. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Male Red Crossbill foraging for grit on a Hardwick road, 4 September. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Waxing moon, approaching 30 November full moon. Photos taken on 28 November by Alan Rawle.

Brown-headed Cowbirds in Brimfield. Photo by Bill Platenik.

Female American Redstart in Rutland. Photo by Anne Greene.

Pickerel Frog (Rana palustris) visiting the water tub. Photo by Bill Platenik.

Baltimore Orioles. Photo by Bill Platenik.

White-tailed Deer, May 2020. Photo by Ted Purcell.

Migrant Blackpoll Warbler (Dendroica striata) investigating the drip in Brimfield. Photo by Bill Platenik.

Eastern Bluebirds in Hardwick. Photo by Alan Rawle.

A Wood Duck ( Aix sponsa) swims by a well-established beaver lodge in Hardwick. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Song Sparrow in bathing pool with solar-powered water pump. Photo by Bill Platenik.

Green Frog (Rana clamitans) in Hardwick.

Painted Turtle (Chrysemys picta), Petersham. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Song Sparrow, Hardwick. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Immature Baltimore Oriole just after a bath in Bill Platenik's outdoor tub with drip.

Hooded Merganser in Hardwick.

A Cape May Warbler passing through Princeton on its way south in September found a water source in Barry Van Dusen's yard. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) in Petersham. Notice how the lateral fold curls around the tympanum (eardrum disc next to the eye) and does not extend down the length of the back as in Green Frogs. Photo by Alan Rawle.

Female Eastern Towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) in Brimfield. Photo by Bill Platenik.

An adult Osprey brings a partially eaten fish to a nest in Warren. Three hungry young birds are waiting! Eastern Kingbirds nested nearby, and this male followed and harassed the Osprey for more than 100 yards as the Osprey approached its nest. Photo by Bill Platenik.

A porcupine dining in Petersham, 25 August 2020. Photo by Alan Rawle.

This photo was taken about 4 weeks before the young--shown here with one of the adults--left the nest.

American parasol mushroom (Leucocoprinus americana) cluster found in late August. Considered edible, but only with great caution: young specimens of this species look enough like the highly toxic green gill mushroom (Chlorophyllum molybdites) that there is great danger of fatal error. Photo by Alan Rawle.

A Great-crested Flycatcher (Myiarchus crinitus) on the alert for insect prey in Rutland. Unlike other flycatchers in our area, this species nests in cavities of all kinds. Photo by Anne Greene.

Female Halloween Pennant (Celithemis eponina) photographed by Anne Greene. Seen near waterways, this species is a strong flier, even in rain and wind.

The American Copper butterfly (Lycaena phlaeas) has at least three overlapping broods in central Massachusetts, and can be found from May through October. This individual was found on 20 August 2020 by Alan Rawle.

A late summer Spring Pepper (Pseudacris crucifer) peeping through a window in Hardwick. Photo by Wendy Howes.

A Great-horned Owl (Bubo virginianus) was a surprise afternoon visitor in Rutland on August 14th. Photo by Anne Greene.

Baltimore Orioles (Icterus galbula) are becoming adept at exploiting various sugar water sources. Photo by Anne Greene.

Small Milkweed Bug (Lygaeus kalmii) on Common Milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) seed pod. This insect's primary sources of nutrients are flower nectar and milkweed seeds. Photo by Alan Rawle, August 2020.

A Yellowjacket (Vespula sp.) shares air space with a Ruby-throated Hummingbird. Luckily, both animals are eminently capable of maneuvering to avoid a collision. Photo by Anne Greene.

A begging Tree Swallow chick and arriving adult were photographed by Bill Platenik at Moore State Park in Paxton.

An immature male Ruby-throated Hummingbird checks out the nectar potential of a passion flower in Rutland. Immature hummingbirds can be observed probing and exploring a variety of both nectar-producing and non-nectar-producing plants as they learn and grow. Photo by Anne Greene.